Identifying Students in Need

Common Indicators

• Declining academic performance
• Frequent absences or tardiness
• Withdrawal from peers or activities
• Emotional outbursts or mood changes
• Self-harm behaviors or statements
• Changes in appearance or hygiene
• Reports from teachers, peers, or parents

Referral Pathway

Step 1: Initial Screening

• Conduct a brief conversation with the student
• Use a screening tool if available (e.g., PHQ-A for depression, GAD-7 for anxiety)
• Document observations and concerns

Step 2: Inform Parent/Guardian

• Contact parent/guardian to discuss concerns
• Obtain consent for services (or inform of your obligation to refer if there is imminent risk)
• Provide resources for community services

Step 3: Internal Referral

• Complete the school's mental health referral form
• Refer to the school psychologist, LCSW, or COST (Coordination of Services Team)
• Set a timeline for the initial assessment

Step 4: External Referral (if needed)

• Provide family with a list of community mental health providers
• Assist with Medi-Cal enrollment if eligible (many CA students qualify)
• Connect with county behavioral health services
• Follow up to ensure the student has connected with services

Confidentiality Considerations

• FERPA protects student records — parental consent needed for most disclosures
• CA Education Code §49602 — Communications between students and school counselors are privileged, except when:
• There is a clear and present danger to the student or others
• The student is a minor reporting abuse or neglect
• Disclosure is required by law
• Minor Consent Laws — CA allows minors 12+ to consent to mental health treatment in certain circumstances (Family Code §6924)